{"id":1903,"date":"2024-05-30T15:12:15","date_gmt":"2024-05-30T08:12:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bmmach.com\/?p=1903"},"modified":"2024-05-30T15:12:15","modified_gmt":"2024-05-30T08:12:15","slug":"phu-gia-khu-mui-cho-nhua","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bmmach.com\/zh-hans\/phu-gia-khu-mui-cho-nhua\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u1ee5 gia kh\u1eed m\u00f9i cho nh\u1ef1a"},"content":{"rendered":"
Trong nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i chia s\u1ebb ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ee5 gia trong ng\u00e0nh nh\u1ef1a tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a pg nổ hũ đổi thưởng
Chemicals<\/a>, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 gia ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong ng\u00e0nh nh\u1ef1a: Ph\u1ee5 gia \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t <\/span>t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y<\/span><\/a>, Ph\u1ee5 gia t\u0103ng tr\u01a1n <\/span>t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y<\/span><\/a>, Ph\u1ee5 gia ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n <\/span>t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y<\/span><\/a> v\u00e0 Ph\u1ee5 gia ch\u1ed1ng l\u00e3o h\u00f3a <\/span>t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y<\/span><\/a>. Qua \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ph\u1ee5 gia n\u00eau tr\u00ean v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ph\u1ee5 gia \u0111\u00f3 trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1ef1a.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Trong b\u00e0i n\u00e0y, pg nổ hũ đổi thưởng
Chemicals<\/a> ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c chia s\u1ebb v\u1ec1 Ph\u1ee5 gia kh\u1eed m\u00f9i nh\u1ef1a – m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ee5 gia v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1ef1a, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1ef1a t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf. V\u1eady ph\u1ee5 gia kh\u1eed m\u00f9i nh\u1ef1a l\u00e0 g\u00ec? M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 gia n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u.<\/span><\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a v\u00e0 nh\u1ef1a t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gia t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t m\u00f9i h\u00f4i c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a. M\u00f9i xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n, m\u00f9i t\u1eeb nh\u1ef1a, m\u00f9i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 gia, v\u00e0 m\u00f9i \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf. M\u00f9i c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t ra t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eeb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f9i h\u00f4i trong c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c monome v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i. Monome l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o n\u00ean polyme nh\u1ef1a, n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c monome n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u00f9i. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia nh\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m d\u1ebbo, ch\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o m\u00e0u c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t ra m\u00f9i khi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c trong nh\u1ef1a ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/span><\/p>\n M\u00f9i h\u00f4i trong c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 do s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. Ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, t\u1eeb thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd nh\u1ef1a, ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef nh\u1ef1a. Nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1ef1a ho\u1eb7c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u00f9i h\u00f4i.<\/span><\/p>\n Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh m\u00f9i h\u00f4i, do nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, th\u1eddi gian x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u00e2u v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 m\u00f9i trong nh\u1ef1a. Ngo\u00e0i ra, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 polyme nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u0169ng d\u1ec5 ph\u00e1t ra m\u00f9i h\u01a1n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y m\u00f9i, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t ra m\u00f9i h\u00f4i. Ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n m\u00f9i sang nh\u1ef1a.<\/span><\/p>\n Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n b\u1ed5 sung ph\u1ee5 gia kh\u1eed m\u00f9i nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf m\u00f9i h\u00f4i, m\u00f9i kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu trong s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf m\u00f9i h\u00f4i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba c\u00e1c nguy c\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c h\u00edt ph\u1ea3i ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra m\u00f9i h\u00f4i. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eed m\u00f9i c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n Ph\u1ee5 gia kh\u1eed m\u00f9i l\u00e0 v\u1ecb c\u1ee9u tinh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t trung h\u00f2a m\u00f9i. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng thay th\u1ebf m\u00f9i ban \u0111\u1ea7u trong c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 c\u00e1c m\u00f9i kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y k\u00edch \u1ee9ng. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t m\u00f9i nh\u1ef1a, m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n 2.1. \u0110u\u1ed5i m\u00f9i:<\/b> Ch\u00fang ta t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n VOC tho\u00e1t ra kh\u1ecfi h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p nh\u1ef1a, th\u00f4ng qua:<\/span><\/p>\n \u2013 D\u00f9ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p h\u00fat ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng (th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n t\u00e1i sinh h\u1ea1t, c\u00f3 c\u1ee5m h\u00fat ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eed \u1ea9m v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 kh\u1eed c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n VOC);<\/span><\/p>\n \u2013 B\u1ed5 sung c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i nhanh v\u00e0o h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang l\u00f4i cu\u1ed1n theo c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n VOC. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta b\u1ed5 sung c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t sinh CO2 v\u00e0o trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p nh\u1ef1a ch\u1ea3y, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho CO2 b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd l\u00f4i k\u00e9o h\u1ebft c\u00e1c VOC theo c\u00f9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n \u2013 Sa\u0309n ph\u00e2\u0309m \u0111a\u0303 sa\u0309n xu\u00e2\u0301t co\u0301 mu\u0300i co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 du\u0300ng gio\u0301 th\u00f4\u0309i trong th\u01a1\u0300i gian da\u0300i \u0111\u00ea\u0309 gia\u0309m mu\u0300i (bi\u00ea\u0323n pha\u0301p na\u0300y hi\u00ea\u0323u qua\u0309 kh\u00f4ng cao, vi\u0300 xa\u0309y ra \u01a1\u0309 nhi\u00ea\u0323t \u0111\u00f4\u0323 th\u00e2\u0301p va\u0300 lu\u00f4n co\u0300n la\u0323i m\u00f4\u0323t l\u01b0\u01a1\u0323ng VOC \u01a1\u0309 m\u01b0\u0301c b\u00e3o ho\u0300a trong sa\u0309n ph\u00e2\u0309m).<\/span><\/p>\n 2.2. Kh\u00f3a m\u00f9i:<\/b> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng, n\u1ebfu cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t VOC v\u00e0o trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1o di\u1ec7n t\u00edch h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 cao nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ec3 x\u1ed1p th\u00ec s\u1ebd kh\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f9i cho s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. R\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n \u2013 Lo\u1ea1i x\u1ed1p tr\u00ean c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ee9c nh\u00f4m;<\/span><\/p>\n \u2013 Abestos;<\/span><\/p>\n \u2013 Wollastonic;<\/span><\/p>\n \u2013 Silica.<\/span><\/p>\n Ngay c\u1ea3 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f3i \u0111en, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 cao, v\u00e0o trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p c\u0169ng kh\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 m\u00f9i.<\/span><\/p>\n 2.3. H\u1ee7y m\u00f9i:<\/b> Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta b\u1ed5 sung nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n oxy h\u00f3a nh\u1eb9, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o m\u00f9i v\u00e0 gi\u00fap m\u1ea5t m\u00f9i. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, nh\u01b0 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh r\u1eeda. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n sinh ra oxy, flouro, chloro \u0111\u1ec3 oxy h\u00f3a c\u00e1c m\u00f9i h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u1ef1a.<\/span><\/p>\n 2.4. Che m\u00f9i:<\/b> Che m\u00f9i th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kh\u1eed m\u00f9i, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c gi\u00fap kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f9i. Do kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u00f9i c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c k\u00edch th\u00edch cao, n\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta b\u1ed5 sung th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n mang m\u00f9i th\u01a1m, c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c k\u00edch th\u00edch cao b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0o h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p. M\u00f9i th\u01a1m n\u00e0y l\u1ea5n \u00e1t m\u00f9i kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c cao su, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u1ec7m mousse ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng m\u00f9i th\u01a1m \u0111\u1ec3 che m\u00f9i c\u00e1c amin trong m\u1ee7 cao su kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/span><\/p>\n C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f9i cho s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a khi m\u1edbi mua v\u1ec1:<\/span><\/p>\n Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 ph\u1ee5 gia kh\u1eed m\u00f9i trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1ef1a, pg nổ hũ đổi thưởng
Chemicals<\/a> hy v\u1ecdng <\/span>b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd h\u1eefu \u00edch \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/p>\n\n
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C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u1eed m\u00f9i cho nh\u1ef1a<\/b><\/h2>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
3.1. Kh\u1eed m\u00f9i nh\u1ef1a trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/b><\/h2>\n
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3.2. Kh\u1eed m\u00f9i nh\u1ef1a cho trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/b><\/h2>\n
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