pg nổ hũ đổi thưởng
Chemicals<\/a>, k\u1ef3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u t\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ee5 gia t\u0103ng tr\u01a1n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, Ph\u1ee5 gia \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\nTrong b\u00e0i ti\u1ebfp theo n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c cung c\u1ea5p ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 Ph\u1ee5 gia ch\u1ed1ng l\u00e3o h\u00f3a. H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft t\u1ea1i sao Ph\u1ee5 gia ch\u1ed1ng l\u00e3o h\u00f3a l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u1ee5 gia v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n\n- T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 gia ch\u1ed1ng l\u00e3o h\u00f3a trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1ef1a<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Trong su\u1ed1t v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p do nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng (nh\u01b0 oxy, tia c\u1ef1c t\u00edm, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao,…), s\u1ef1 xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p n\u00e0y c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 l\u00e3o h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c oxy h\u00f3a, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 nh\u1ea5t qua hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ef1a b\u1ecb phai m\u00e0u, \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u ho\u1eb7c n\u1ee9t, v\u1ee1.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i l\u00e2u, gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 d\u1ebbo th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 gia ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a, ph\u1ee5 gia n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxy h\u00f3a l\u00e0m suy gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a nh\u1eb1m duy tr\u00ec t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u, gia t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n- Ph\u1ee5 gia ch\u1ed1ng l\u00e3o h\u00f3a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 tr\u00f9ng ng\u01b0ng, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t cao ph\u00e2n t\u1eed. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n: nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, l\u1ef1c c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, n\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t\u2026 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u1ef1a, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a. C\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u00ean s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng suy gi\u1ea3m t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u01a1 l\u00fd, \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh quang h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. Sau \u0111\u00f3, khi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a c\u0169ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i theo th\u1eddi gian, c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e3o h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a x\u1ea3y ra c\u1ea3 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u1eabn khi \u0111\u01b0a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m ra s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\nTh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1t, b\u1ed9t. Qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gia c\u00f4ng, nh\u1ef1a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i (ch\u1ea3y l\u1ecfng) d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac cao ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a b\u1ecb t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u00e3o h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0o h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p nh\u1ef1a nh\u1eb1m ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a di\u1ec5n trong khi gia c\u00f4ng. Ch\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh gia c\u00f4ng n\u00e0y ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ef1 oxy h\u00f3a trong nh\u1ef1a, gi\u00fap v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 do (R*, ROO*,\u2026) h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p. Vi\u1ec7c v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 do n\u00eau tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i trong nh\u1ef1a v\u00ec v\u1eady d\u1eabn t\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a.<\/span><\/p>\nQu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1ef1a khi b\u1ed5 sung ph\u1ee5 gia ch\u1ed1ng l\u00e3o h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e3o h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a oxy v\u00e0o c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a polyme, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m ng\u1eafn c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i polyme, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxy h\u00f3a s\u1ebd b\u1ecb c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3m tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n b\u00ean trong s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 n\u00e2ng cao tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n\n- Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ee5 gia ch\u1ed1ng l\u00e3o h\u00f3a<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Trong ng\u00e0nh nh\u1ef1a, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxy h\u00f3a x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a: \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 trong su\u1ed1t v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Do \u0111\u00f3, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 gia nh\u1ef1a ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00ean. Ph\u1ee5 gia ch\u1ed1ng l\u00e3o h\u00f3a th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh ba lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh nh\u1eb1m ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>\n3.1. Ph\u1ee5 gia ch\u1ed1ng l\u00e3o h\u00f3a S\u01a1 c\u1ea5p: Lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng trong v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u00fang kh\u1ecfi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia nh\u1ef1a ch\u1ed1ng oxi h\u00f3a thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 g\u1ed1c phenolic.<\/span><\/p>\n3.2. Ph\u1ee5 gia ch\u1ed1ng l\u00e3o h\u00f3a Th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p: Ph\u1ee5 gia nh\u1ef1a ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh gia c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 polyme kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y do oxy h\u00f3a trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi nh\u1ef1a tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nhi\u1ec7t (th\u1ed5i m\u00e0ng, \u00e9p phun,…). C\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bao g\u1ed3m phosphite ho\u1eb7c thioesters.<\/span><\/p>\n3.3. Ph\u1ee5 gia ch\u1ed1ng l\u00e3o h\u00f3a K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p & th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p: C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a l\u1ee3i \u00edch thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ea3 trong b\u01b0\u1edbc gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 trong su\u1ed1t v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1ef1a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch khi h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, trong khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u0169ng h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd cao h\u01a1n. T\u00f9y theo \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1ef1a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ee5 gia ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a nh\u1ef1a ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n- C\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 gia ch\u1ed1ng l\u00e3o h\u00f3a th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t, ph\u1ee5 gia ch\u1ed1ng l\u00e3o h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh 03 lo\u1ea1i:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
4.1.\u00a0 Ph\u1ee5 gia ch\u1ed1ng l\u00e3o h\u00f3a g\u1ed1c Phenolic (H_donor)<\/b><\/p>\n
H\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t H-donor ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 do peroxy (ROO*), v\u00e0 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1ea5y c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 Hydro tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ch ph\u00e2n t\u1eed nh\u1ef1a, chuy\u1ec3n ch\u00fang th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c hyeroxide.<\/span><\/p>\n4.2.\u00a0 Ph\u1ee5 gia ch\u1ed1ng l\u00e3o h\u00f3a g\u1ed1c Organophospho<\/b>rus<\/b><\/p>\n
H\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t Organophosphorus c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c hyeroxide (ROOH) th\u00e0nh g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 do hydroxy (RO*), n\u00ean gi\u00fap ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n.<\/span><\/p>\n4.3. Ph\u1ee5 gia ch\u1ed1ng l\u00e3o h\u00f3a g\u1ed1c\u00a0 Lactone & Hydroxylamine (ch\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 do)<\/b><\/p>\n
C\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t Lactone v\u00e0 Hydroxylamine l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00f3a c\u00e1c g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 do, ch\u00fang c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t ph\u00f2ng l\u00e3o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ea5p thu c\u00e1c g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 do alkyl (R*) s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu tr\u00ecnh trong chu\u1ed5i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n.<\/span><\/p>\nC\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng g\u00e2y ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y nh\u1ef1a trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gia c\u00f4ng, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 do sau qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gia c\u00f4ng, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m b\u1ecb tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Do d\u00f3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u00f2ng l\u00e3o lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n gia c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n\n- Ph\u1ee5 gia ch\u1ed1ng l\u00e3o h\u00f3a c\u00f3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Ph\u1ee5 gia ch\u1ed1ng l\u00e3o h\u00f3a \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng cao t\u00ednh n\u0103ng v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi gian s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a. Nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i \u0111\u00f3, ph\u1ee5 gia ch\u1ed1ng l\u00e3o h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\n- C\u00e1c v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1t, b\u00e0n gh\u1ebf, gh\u1ebf s\u00e2n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0m v\u01b0\u1eddn, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n, h\u1ed9p n\u1ed1i ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi,…;<\/span><\/li>\n
- M\u00e0ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p (m\u00e0ng m\u00f9n, m\u00e0ng nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh,…) v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e1;<\/span><\/li>\n
- C\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft ngo\u1ea1i th\u1ea5t \u00f4 t\u00f4 (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 b\u00e1nh r\u0103ng, l\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t, v\u1ecf nh\u1ef1a,…);<\/span><\/li>\n
- C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i bao b\u00ec, m\u00e0ng b\u1ecdc.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y <\/span>pg nổ hũ đổi thưởng
Chemicals<\/a> \u0111\u00e3 chia s\u1ebb nh\u1eefng <\/span>ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 ph\u1ee5 gia ch\u1ed1ng l\u00e3o h\u00f3a, m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ee5 gia ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1ef1a, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i <\/span>hy v\u1ecdng <\/span>b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia n\u00f3i tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\nCh\u00fang t\u00f4i lu\u00f4n s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, ph\u1ee5 gia, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 gia ng\u00e0nh nh\u1ef1a ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Trong chu\u1ed7i b\u00e0i chia s\u1ebb k …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1859,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[46,11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1914","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chuyen-nganh-nhua","category-tu-van-chuyen-sau"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bmmach.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1914"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bmmach.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bmmach.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmmach.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmmach.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1914"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/bmmach.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1914\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1916,"href":"https:\/\/bmmach.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1914\/revisions\/1916"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmmach.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1859"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bmmach.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1914"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmmach.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1914"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmmach.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1914"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}